Packed cells offer the possibility of substantial operating economy both because no scintillator solution is needed and waste disposal problems are significantly reduced. Another advantage is that they are essentially non-destructive to the sample, allowing it to be passed directly into another instrument, e.g., a mass spectrometer, or to be collected for some other application. However, there are disadvantages; if improperly employed they are too easily contaminated, 3H counting efficiency is always low, they require lengthy dark adaptation to reach their lowest backgrounds which are never as low as with liquid scintillator, double isotope counting is not really possible, and replacement costs are relatively high.

Yttrium Silicate Packed Cells

Yttrium silicate is probably the most efficient of the solid scintillators but it is also the one most prone to contamination, the longest to dark adapt, and it produces spurious light at low pH.

Standard Yttrium silicate (YtSi)
50 - 600µl, 120 psi [8 bar] max pressure, 63 - 90 µm particulate size. These cells use standard wall Teflon tubing.

High Pressure Yttrium silicate (HPYtSi)
25 - 200µl, 800 psi [55 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. These cells use heavy wall Teflon tubing.

Ultra-High Pressure Yttrium silicate (UHPYtSi)
5 - 200µl, 3000 psi [200 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. These cells are potted in UV transparent epoxy

Micro High Pressure Yttrium silicate (µHPYtSi)
5 - 100µl, 800 psi [55 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. Inlet and outlet tubing dead volumes of 4 µL or less each and a 50% reduction in aperture cross-section to reduce the effects of photomultiplier crosstalk are standard features of all IN/US micro cells. Micro cells use heavy wall Teflon tubing.

Calcium Fluoride Packed Cells

For more energetic isotopes, calcium fluoride is hardly different in performance than yttrium silicate. However, for 3H measurement yttrium silicate might be the better choice for small molecules where contamination is not a problem. On the other hand, calcium fluoride is quicker to dark adapt, it is useful over a broader pH range, and it is probably easier to decontaminate.

Standard Calcium Fluoride (CaFl)
50 - 600µl, 120 psi [8 bar] max pressure, 63 - 90 µm particulate size. These cells use standard wall Teflon tubing.

High Pressure Calcium Fluoride (HPCaFl)
25 - 200µl, 800 psi [55 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. These cells use heavy wall Teflon tubing.

Ultra-High Pressure Calcium Fluoride (UHPCaFl)
5 - 200µl, 3000 psi [200 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. These cells are potted in UV transparent epoxy.

Micro High Pressure Calcium Fluoride (µµHPCaFl)
5 - 100µl, 800 psi [55 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. Inlet and outlet tubing dead volumes of 4 µL or less each and a 50% reduction in aperture cross-section to reduce the effects of photomultiplier crosstalk are standard features of all IN/US micro cells. Micro cells use heavy wall Teflon tubing.

Lithium-Activated Glass Scintillator Packed Cells

Scintillating glass is at the same time the solid scintillator least easily contaminated, the most rugged of them, and can withstand the most rigorous of decontamination procedures. It gives acceptable but lower counting efficiencies for 14C than either yttrium silicate or calcium fluoride; it is rarely suitable for 3H measurement. However, it is the fastest to dark adapt and the least affected by extremes of pH.

Standard Lithium Glass (LiGl)
50 - 600µl, 120 psi [8 bar] max pressure, 63 - 90 µm particulate size. These cells use standard wall Teflon tubing.

High Pressure Lithium Glass (HPLiGl)
25 - 200µl, 800 psi [55 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. These cells use heavy wall Teflon tubing.

Ultra-High Pressure Lithium Glass (UHPLiGl)
5 - 200µl, 3000 psi [200 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. These cells are potted in UV transparent epoxy.

Micro High Pressure Lithium Glass (µµµHPLiGl)
5 - 100µl, 800 psi [55 bar] max pressure, 38 - 63 µm particulate size. Inlet and outlet tubing dead volumes of 4 µL or less each and a 50% reduction in aperture cross-section to reduce the effects of photomultiplier crosstalk are standard features of all IN/US micro cells. Micro cells use heavy wall Teflon tubing.

Code Description Volume (ul) Window
Diameter		 Maximum
Pressure		 Tube Size Particle
Size (um)
DI-BXX-10 Calcium Fluoride Packed 201-600 1-1/8" 200 psi 1/8" 63-90
DI-BXX-12 Yttrium Silicate Packed 201-600 1-1/8" 200 psi 1/8" 63-90
DI-BXX-11 Lithium Glass Packed 201-600 1-1/8" 200 psi 1/8" 63-90
DI-BXX-30 High Pressure,
Calcium Fluoride Packed		 25-100 3/4" 800 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-31 High Pressure,
Yttrium Silicate Packed		 25-100 3/4" 800 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-32 High Pressure,
Lithium Glass Packed		 25-100 3/4" 800 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-33 High Pressure,
Calcium Fluoride Packed		 101-200 7/8" 800 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-34 High Pressure,
Yttrium Silicate Packed		 101-200 7/8" 800 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-35 High Pressure,
Lithium Glass Packed		 101-200 7/8" 800 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-27 Ultra High Pressure,
Calcium Fluoride Packed		 25-200 1-1/8" 3000 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-28 Ultra High Pressure,
Yttrium Silicate Packed		 25-200 1-1/8" 3000 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-29 Ultra High Pressure,
Lithium Glass Packed		 25-200 1-1/8" 3000 psi 1/8" 38-63
DI-BXX-24 High Flow, High Pressure,
Calcium Fluoride Packed		 25-200 1-1/8" 800 psi 1/8" 90-150
DI-BXX-25 High Flow, High Pressure,
Yttrium Silicate Packed		 25-200 1-1/8" 800 psi 1/8" 90-150
DI-BXX-26 High Flow, High Pressure,
Lithium Glass Packed		 25-200 1-1/8" 800 psi 1/8" 90-150

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